Malaysia Culture and Etiquette: A Traveler's Guide to Customs and Manners

A meeting of three cultures

Malaysia blends Malay, Chinese and Indian traditions, with Islam as the official religion. This mix shapes daily etiquette, so a little awareness goes a long way in Kuala Lumpur, Penang or rural Sabah.

Greetings

The traditional Malay greeting is the salam: a light touch of palms, then bringing your hand to your heart. A soft handshake works too, but many Muslim men and women avoid physical contact with the opposite sex, so wait and follow their lead. A polite nod and smile is always safe.

• Use Encik (Mr) and Puan (Mrs/Ms) for adults.
• Greet the eldest person first as a sign of respect.

The right-hand rule

The left hand is considered unclean. Always eat, give, receive and point with your right hand. To point, use your thumb tucked over a closed fist rather than your index finger.

Dress and religious sites

Malaysia is conservative outside beach resorts. Cover shoulders and knees when visiting temples or mosques. At places like the Masjid Negara or Batu Caves, remove your shoes and, for women, cover your hair; many mosques lend robes free of charge.

Dining customs

• Wait to be told where to sit; the host often seats guests.
• Malay and Indian meals may be eaten by hand (right hand only).
• Never take the last piece without offering it around.
• Pork is absent from most local menus, and many Malays do not drink alcohol. Do not push drinks on anyone.
• At a Chinese banquet, try a little of every dish your host serves you.

Visiting a home

Remove your shoes at the door. A small gift, fruit or sweets, is appreciated, but avoid alcohol unless you know the host drinks. Compliment the food generously.

Dos and donts

• Do dress modestly and lower your voice in religious places.
• Do ask before photographing people, especially women.
• Dont touch anyone's head, including children; it is considered sacred.
• Dont show the soles of your feet or point them at people.
• Dont show public affection beyond holding hands.

Tipping

Tipping is not expected in Malaysia. Many restaurants add a 10% service charge plus 6% SST, shown on the bill. For taxis, round up the fare. Hotel porters appreciate RM2 to RM5, and you can leave small change for good table service.

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